We don't actually learn by our mistakes. We learn by getting things right.

Researchers gave their subjects two-option multiple choice questions that they couldn't know the answers to. Half of the subjects were then shown which they got right, and the other half were shown which questions they got wrong. Whichever group they were in, the subjects then had the same amount of information about what all the correct answers were, right? However, on retesting, the group that had been told what they got right did overwhelmingly better. In fact, the group who were told what they'd got wrong hardly improved over their first attempts.

Is it pride? Probably not - the experiment was modified and repeated with monkeys and they scored similarly.

Source: Eskreis-Winkler & Fishbach, 2020

Easily digestible summary here